由于焦?fàn)t普遍采用了的煙氣余熱回收技術(shù)，約有50％~55％的焦?fàn)t煤氣富余，我國許多焦化企業(yè)將剩余的焦?fàn)t煤氣用于發(fā)電。焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電有三種方式，分別為蒸汽發(fā)電（熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)）、燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)發(fā)電和內(nèi)燃機(jī)發(fā)電，目前這幾種發(fā)電方式在國內(nèi)均有應(yīng)用，技術(shù)成熟。如果焦化企業(yè)與高電耗生產(chǎn)匹配或與發(fā)供電企業(yè)聯(lián)營，且上網(wǎng)電價(jià)合適，焦?fàn)t煤氣用于發(fā)電可作為優(yōu)先選擇的技術(shù)路之一。其運(yùn)行與管理簡(jiǎn)便，生產(chǎn)作業(yè)間長(zhǎng)，可采取多種方式，企業(yè)收益穩(wěn)定。
Due to the high efficiency flue gas waste heat recovery technology widely used in coke oven, about 50%~55% of coke oven gas is surplus. Many coking enterprises in China use the remaining coke oven gas for power generation. There are three types of power generation with coke oven gas, namely steam power generation (cogeneration), gas turbine power generation and internal combustion engine power generation. At present, these types of power generation have been applied in China with mature technology. If the coking enterprise matches the production with high power consumption or is associated with the power generation and power supply enterprise, and the on-grid electricity price is appropriate, the use of coke oven gas for power generation can be one of the preferred technical options. Its operation and management are simple, the production time is long, and many ways can be adopted, so the enterprise income is stable.
1、蒸汽發(fā)電，熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)供熱與發(fā)電兼用
1. Steam power generation, cogeneration for heating and power generation
蒸汽發(fā)電由鍋爐-凝氣式氣輪機(jī)-發(fā)電機(jī)組成。該工藝以焦?fàn)t煤氣作為熱源燃燒鍋爐，生成高壓蒸汽，用以帶動(dòng)汽輪機(jī)、發(fā)電機(jī)而發(fā)電。蒸汽發(fā)電技術(shù)過關(guān)、成熟可靠。在我國焦化行業(yè)應(yīng)用較廣泛，但其系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜、占地面積大、啟動(dòng)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。
Steam power generation consists of boiler, condensing gas turbine and generator. The process uses coke oven gas as the heat source to burn the boiler and generate high-pressure steam to drive the steam turbine and generator to generate electricity. The steam power generation technology is qualified, mature and reliable. It is widely used in China's coking industry, but its system is complex, covers a large area and takes a long time to start.
2、焦?fàn)t煤氣用于燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)發(fā)電
2. Coke oven gas used for gas turbine power generation
燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)發(fā)電是用焦?fàn)t煤氣直接燃燒，驅(qū)動(dòng)燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)以帶動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電。燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組設(shè)備緊湊、占地少、效率高、效益好、啟動(dòng)速度快。不過，燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)運(yùn)行一段時(shí)間后必須遠(yuǎn)距離運(yùn)回制造廠檢修，因此需要較多的備品，要求工人有較高的技術(shù)素質(zhì)。
Gas turbine power generation is the direct combustion of coke oven gas to drive the gas turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity. The gas turbine generator unit has compact equipment, small floor space, high efficiency, good efficiency and fast starting speed. However, the gas turbine must be transported back to the manufacturer for maintenance after a period of operation, so more spare parts are required, and workers are required to have high technical quality.
3、燃?xì)?mdash;—蒸汽聯(lián)合循環(huán)發(fā)電技術(shù)（CCPP）
3. Gas-steam combined cycle power generation technology (CCPP)
該技術(shù)的基本原理是將剩余的焦?fàn)t煤氣和回收的高爐煤氣經(jīng)凈化、混合、加壓后送往燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)燃燒、膨脹做功，帶動(dòng)燃?xì)廨啺l(fā)電機(jī)組發(fā)電。同時(shí)燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)排放的高溫?zé)煔饧訜嵊酂徨仩t，產(chǎn)生蒸汽，帶動(dòng)蒸汽輪發(fā)電機(jī)組，形成聯(lián)合循環(huán)發(fā)電。燃?xì)?mdash;—蒸汽聯(lián)合發(fā)電是熱能資源的梯級(jí)綜合利用，其發(fā)電效率高達(dá)45％以上，實(shí)現(xiàn)了鋼電聯(lián)產(chǎn)，目前我國的濟(jì)鋼、寶鋼、太鋼、沙鋼、通鋼、鞍鋼、馬鋼、邯鋼安鋼、漣鋼等多家鋼廠都在使用該技術(shù)。
The basic principle of this technology is to purify, mix and pressurize the remaining coke oven gas and the recovered blast furnace gas, and then send them to the gas turbine for combustion and expansion to work, so as to drive the gas turbine generator unit to generate electricity. At the same time, the high temperature flue gas discharged by the gas turbine heats the waste heat boiler to generate steam, which drives the steam turbine generator unit to form combined cycle power generation. Gas-steam combined power generation is an efficient cascade comprehensive utilization of thermal energy resources. Its power generation efficiency is up to 45%. It has achieved the combined production of steel and electricity. At present, many steel plants in China, such as Jigang, Baosteel, Taigang, Shagang, Tonggang, Ansteel, Maanshan Steel, Hangang Angang, Liangang, are using this technology.
4、用煤氣內(nèi)燃機(jī)帶動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電
4. Use gas internal combustion engine to drive generator to generate electricity
我國山東、山西、寧夏、安微、河北、新疆、內(nèi)蒙古、云南、江蘇等地的一些焦化廠采用煤氣內(nèi)燃機(jī)發(fā)電。可供選擇的焦?fàn)t煤氣內(nèi)燃機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組有400千瓦、500千瓦、1200千瓦和2000年瓦。目前焦化行業(yè)大多采用的是500千瓦焦?fàn)t煤氣內(nèi)燃機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組。按焦?fàn)t煤氣熱值（低熱值）16720千焦/立方米計(jì)算，1立方米焦?fàn)t煤氣可發(fā)電1.1千瓦時(shí)。
Some coking plants in Shandong, Shanxi, Ningxia, Anwei, Hebei, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, Jiangsu and other places in China use gas internal combustion engines to generate electricity. There are 400 kW, 500 kW, 1200 kW and 2000 kW of coke oven gas internal combustion engine generator sets available. At present, most of the coking industry uses 500 kW coke oven gas internal combustion engine generator sets. Based on the calorific value of coke oven gas (low calorific value) 16720 kJ/m3, 1 cubic meter of coke oven gas can generate 1.1 kWh.
